The President, Major General Muhammadu Buhari (retd.), has asked the National Assembly to approve fresh external loans of $4.05bn and €710m for his regime.
Experts and Civil Society Organisations who spoke to our correspondents faulted the process of approving loans for the current regime by the National Assembly.
Buhari is also seeking the nation’s legislature’s approval for grant components of $125m in the 2018-2020 external rolling borrowing plan.
These were contained in a letter addressed to both chambers of the National Assembly and read on the floor at the resumption of plenary by the presiding officers Messrs Ahmad Lawan and Femi Gbajabiamila (Senate President and Speaker of House of Representatives respectively) on Tuesday.
Buhari had on May 18, 2021sought the approval of the Senate to borrow $6.18bn external loan to finance this year’s N5.6trn budget deficit.
He had said the proposed loan, which is equivalent of N2.3tn would be used to finance the 2021 budget deficit of N5.6tn.
Also, the Federal Executive Council, on July 8, 2021 approved the 2022 – 2024 Medium Term Expenditure Framework and the Fiscal Strategy Paper, authorising the funding of the N5.26tn deficit envisaged in the 2022 budget through borrowings.
Buhari in the latest letter, dated 24th August, 2021, explained that the projects listed in the 2018-2021 Federal Government Borrowing Plan would be financed through sovereign loans from the World Bank.
Other sources according to him are the French Development Agency, China-Exim Bank, International Fund for Agricultural Development, Credit Suisse Group and Standard Chattered/China Export and Credit.
He explained that the amount would be used to fund federal and state governments projects cut across key sectors such as infrastructure, health, agriculture and food security, energy, education and Human Capital Development and COVID-19 response efforts.
The president added that the projects were spread across the six geopolitical zones of the country.
He said they would bring about employment generation and poverty reduction, as well as protection of the most vulnerable and very poor segments of the Nigerian society.
Part of the letter read, “I write on the above subject and submit the attached addendum to the proposed 2018-2020 external rolling borrowing plan for the consideration and concurrent approval of the senate for the same to become effective.
“The distinguished Senate President may recall that I submitted a request on 2018-2020 borrowing plan for the approval of the senate in May 2021.
“However, in view of other emerging needs and to ensure that all critical projects approved by Federal Executive Council as of June 2021 are incorporated, I hereby forward an addendum to the proposed borrowing plan.
“The projects listed in the external borrowing plan are to be financed through sovereign loans from the World Bank, French Development Agency, EXIM Bank and IFAD in the total sum of $4,054,476,863 and €710m and grant components of $125m.
“A summary of some key projects in each of the six geopolitical zones and a summary on the expected impacts on the socioeconomic development of each of the six geopolitical zones are attached herewith as Annex II and III.”
Experts ask lawmakers to do due diligence on loans
Senior lecturer in economics at the Pan Atlantic University, Olalekan Aworinde, said the speed at which the legislative body grants approval to the loan requests made by the executive arm created an impression that requests were not properly vetted.
He advised that the NASS should evaluate the efficacy of existing loans and their sustainability before granting approvals for new ones.
“The national assembly needs to look at existing loans: how have the existing loans been applied; have they been used for the purposes they were earmarked for or the purposes the government claimed they were for.
“What is the level of implementation of the projects the government said the loans were being acquired for. They are supposed to know these before they approve another loan.”
Another expert and a professor of economics at the Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Sheriffdeen Tella, said the actions of the legislature with regards to external loans approval were unbecoming.
He said that the NASS had a duty to not only evaluate the impacts of the loans acquired by the executive but also pay attention to public opinion.
Dr Muda Yusuf, an economist and private sector advocate, said that the processes of approving loan requests made by the presidency in the National Assembly are largely political.
He said for the National Assembly to ensure due diligence, the legislators need to have a deeper and non-partisan conversation on the issue of sustainability of the country’s debt.
“The processes are largely political,” he said, adding, “They should have a deeper and nonpartisan conversation on the issue of sustainability of the country’s debt.”
Yusuf stated, “From reports, this request is new as it was not covered in the original borrowing. It is an addendum to the original plan which had already been approved. There is merit in borrowing for infrastructure development, but even at that, the capacity to service the debt sustainably should be a critical consideration.
“The risk is that at this rate, part of the borrowing will inevitably be used to fund recurrent expenditure. Already, actual revenue can hardly cover the recurrent budget. The risk of ending up in a debt trap is quite high.”
An Abuja-based financial expert, Mr Kalu Aja, told our correspondent that the National Assembly needed to consider how the loans would be repaid and how it would affect the revenue to debt ratio.
He said, “They need to confirm how many local jobs this loan will create.
“Nigeria’s debt repayment is currently unsustainable. It is especially risky to borrow in USD and expose the sovereign balance sheet to exchange rate risks.”
Kalu said should crude oil prices fall, the capacity to repay was doubtful.
“Particularly, I am fascinated that foreign lenders still make these loans to Nigeria,” he said.
National Assembly working against Nigerians, say CSOs
The Executive Director, Centre for Public Accountability, Olufemi Lawson, said the Federal Government had taken more delight in sourcing for loans.
He said, “It is worrisome that the Federal Government now takes more delight, in continuously sourcing loans, rather than putting more efforts into the capacity of the country to explore the available productive opportunities, that will not only increase foreign earnings, but also increase local productivity.
“Sadly, the National Assembly, having earlier approved the 2021 Appropriation Act, which already captured these borrowings, is not doing enough, to minimise the extent, to which these loans are being taken at such dimension that is almost mortgaging the future of the country.
“We should be seriously worried as Nigerians, that we will be spending a huge proportion of our future annuals budgets on debt servicing.”
The Executive Director, Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Centre, Auwal Musa Rafsanjani, warned the National Assembly members to know that they would be held to account for their actions against the government and Nigerians.
He said, “It is really sad and unfortunate that the government has run out of economic ideas to manage our economy and effectively resorted to unjustified borrowing, putting the nation in a terrible economic crisis.
“But the sad aspect is the failure of the National Assembly to review the request from the President on a patriotic and national interests to suggest alternatives to the continuous reckless borrowing approval.
“The NASS members should know that Nigerians are monitoring their connivance to put the nation in a perpetual borrowing without reflecting on the negative consequences which is already putting our development and capacity to overcome our economic challenges.”
He added that the lawmakers would be held to account for their actions against the nation and Nigerian people.
On its part, the Peoples Democratic Party rejected the fresh move to obtain fresh foreign loans of $4bn and €710m.
According to the opposition party, the move by the President and his All Progressives Congress-led regime was another attempt at further mortgaging the future of Nigeria and Nigerians with less than two years left in office.
This was contained in a statement titled ‘Fresh $4bn, €710m loans: Buhari, APC are selling Nigeria, PDP cries out…urges NASS to probe looting of loans’, signed by its National Publicity Secretary, Kola Ologbondiyan, in Abuja, on Tuesday.
Ologbondiyan said, “The PDP vehemently rejects reported moves by the President Muhammadu Buhari-led APC administration to further mortgage our nation with a fresh of N2.66tn ($4bn and €710m) external loan.
“The party laments that with the reckless borrowing by President Buhari and the APC, Nigerians might eventually not have a nation and a patrimony that they can freely call their own, after the APC, which has less than two years to vacate office.”
Ologbondiyan described the proposed borrowing as an act of wickedness on the part of individuals who are fully aware that they will be leaving office in less than two years. It described the Buhari regime as “incompetent and corrupt.”
Attempts to get a response from the APC were futile. Calls to the mobile telephone number of the National Secretary, Senator John Akpanudoedehe, were not returned.
